(ふぃりぴん)

Philippines

(おき)

offshore / open sea

(じしん)

earthquake

(ひがい)

damage; harm

(ひろがる)

to spread

(ちかく)

nearby

(うみ)

sea, ocean

(つよい)

strong

(はっせい)

occurrence / outbreak

(しんげん)

earthquake epicenter

(そこ)

bottom

(ふかさ)

depth

(やく)

approximately, about

(きろめーとる)

kilometer

(きぼ)

scale / magnitude

(まぐにちゅーど)

magnitude

(こえる)

to exceed

(かいがん)

Seashore; coast; beach

(ちかい)

near / close

(まち)

town

(おおく)

many, much

(たてもの)

building

(たおれる)

to collapse; to fall down

(どうろ)

Road; street

(おおきな)

big (attrib.)

(けがにん)

injured person

(なくなる)

to pass away; to die (polite)

(ひと)

person / people

(かくにん)

confirmation, checking

(きゅうじょ)

rescue; relief

(さぎょう)

work, operation

(いま)

now

(つづく)

to continue

(あと)

after

(しゅうへん)

surroundings / vicinity

(くにぐに)

countries / various nations

(つなみ)

tsunami; tidal wave

(けいかい)

vigilance; warning; caution

(よびかける)

to call out; to appeal

(きしょうちょう)

Japan Meteorological Agency

(にほん)

Japan

(ねんのため)

just in case / to be safe

(ようす)

appearance; state

(かんさつ)

observation

(せんもんか)

expert, specialist

(こんご)

from now on; in the future

(しばらく)

for a while

(よしん)

aftershock

(ちゅうい)

caution, warning

(もとめる)

to seek, request

(これまで)

until now / so far

possessive / connective の

フィリピンの近くの海 uses の to connect nouns (the sea near the Philippines).

to occur / to break out

強い地震が発生しました states that a strong earthquake occurred.

is approximately ~

深さは約10キロメートル states the depth was about 10 km using 約.

to exceed, surpass

Indicates surpassing a quantity; the number exceeds nine million houses (九百万軒を超え).

is believed / seen to be

Expresses that something is presumed or regarded to be the case, common in news reporting.

by means of / through

Expresses the means by which something is achieved — through sport, everyone can live together.

also to/by ~

Combines に (direction/target) with も (also).

to appear / to be produced

Used with nouns like 被害 (damage) to mean 'damage occurred'. Here: 'とても大きい被害が出ています' (very large damage has occurred).

it is confirmed that ~

いることが確認されました nominalizes with こと and reports that it was confirmed there were casualties.

is doing, has been doing (ongoing state/action)

Expresses a continuing action or resulting state. Formed with て-form + いる. Can describe an action in progress or a state resulting from a past change.

to / toward (direction/target)

津波への警戒 uses へ to mark the target of the alert (vigilance toward the tsunami).

passive voice: was/were ~ed

Passive form indicating that the subject receives the action. '食べられて' means 'were eaten'. Central grammar of this article about tulips being eaten by deer.

because of ~, for the reason of ~

Used to explain why food is scarce now: because tree nuts grew earlier than usual.

to request/urge that ~

注意するよう求めています means experts are urging people to be careful of aftershocks.